Starting device for explosion-engines with four cylinders.



'PATENTED FEB. 11, 1903.

' H. SAURERL v STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES WITHFOU'R'GYLINDBRS.

APPLICATION FILED 001'. B. 1906.

' 3 sums-sum 1.-

zlll rlllll No. 878,747. PATENTEDI'FEB. 11, 1908."

H v H.SAURBR STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES WITH FOUR GYLIN ERS,

APPLICATION FILED OCT. e. 1906. 7

a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

3 E E If .WITNEsSES rnrroLYr same; or.

ARB'ON, SWITZERLAND.

vs'rimTr m nnvrcn iron iirLosion-nnanms 'wrrn noun cvmrmnns.

' To allwho rrii itlmdy concern: I,

Be it-known that I, HrProLYrSAUnER, a

citizen'of the Confederation of Switzerland,-

residing at Arbon, Switzerland, have-in vented a new and useful StartingDevice for Explosion-Engines with Four Cylinders, of which thefollowingis a specific-anon, In my application for a U. S. patent ofApril 24, 1906, Serial No. 313,437 and bear ing the same title as thepresent application, I.have described a starting device or afour strokecycle explosion-engine in an automobile, -whlch device is arran ed foradmitting the compressed air invaria ly to that cylin- ,de'r, in whichthe piston had stopped during the expansion of the exploded gases, sincethis piston usually occupies a position more or less in the middle ofits stroke, that is to say a osition so favorable, that the compresseacting upon the piston will be able to-at once. overcome the resistanceof the engine. during the start of the latter.

' During the following stroke of the piston in the same cylinder the.exhaust of the air (corresponding to that of the wasted gases during theusual work) can take placeby means of the usual outlet valve, so that noadditional outlet valve or'devicefor turning [the four stroke cycle intoa two-stage cycle" .is necessary. My invention relates to'anotherstarting device of a similar kind, whereby a greater I simplicity, areduction of the speed, an increased safety in the work, a betteraccessibility and a good appearance of the device are. obtained. The newstarting device is suitable for all explosion-ellgines with fourcylinders, which are to be started by means of compressedair or gas. .4

The new starting.- device is to be controlled from the driver's seat,thesame as the engine. I I will now roceed to describe my invention with reerence to the v accompanying drawings, in which 3 I Figure 1 is anelevation- 0f the starting delvice: and the upper part of the en ine',the

- rot'ary distributing valvewith its ox and [theinlet valve with its boxforthe left different positions of t e rotary distributing 'cYlinder beng shown in'sectio iF 2&8 ,8: ..p an of-the sam'e Fi' 3 m 5 Show. fur

valve, the latteriitself being shown sub vstantially in elevation, Figs.3 to 6; are horicross sections through thesameand iitsszb'oar "andcorrespondto Figs. 3.- lto" 6 h respectively, Fig. 7 is a diagram, whichremnant. 11, 1000.

be referred to later on, Fig. 8'is an elevation on a reduced scale ofthe explosion engine provided with the-new starting device, part of theautomobile beiu' indicated by an outline, Fig. 9 is a vertica crosssection (on the same scale as Figs. 1 to 6) through the rotary Idistributing valve and its driving mechanism" on the line CD in Fig. 8,Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section on a larger scale through thedevice controlling the supply of compressed air or gas to theengine onthe line E F in Fig. 11,- Fig. 11 is a horizontal section through thesame on theline G'H in Fig. 10, and Fig. 12 is avertical cross sectionon an enlarged scale throu h the line AB in Fig. 8 and shows one o thefour cylinders with its ordinaryinlet and outlet valves and the inletvalve of the new starting device. m '1 Similar characters. of referencerefer to similar parts throu hout theseveral views.

engine, the construction of which is immatenal to my invention. Itcomprises four 0 linders' marked with (I), (II), (III) and (iv andhaving each aspring-pressed inlet- I have shown in ig. 8 a knownexplosion valve 1 (see Fig.12) and a spring-pressed outlet-valv'e'2 asusual. The 1nlet-valves 1 of all the cylinders are controlled from a camshaft 3 by means of cams 4 and all the outletvalves 2 are controlledfrom another cam shaft 5 by'm'e'an's of came 6 and the two cam shafts 3and 5 are in any known manner so driven from the crank-shaft 7 as tomake one revolutionon every two revolutions of the latter as usual. I donotshow any igniting device as it forms 310 part of my invention.Besides" the ordinary inlet-valve 1 each cylinder is according to myinvention ro-,

vided with an-additiona'l spring-presse inlet-valve "8, see Fi s. 1 and12, of any knownconstruction for t e compressed air or gas. In Fig. 12this inlet-valve 8 is shown as-dis-;

posed'above the outlet valve 2, but it may also he disp'osed. somewhereelse. armed-connection 9 is arranged to be con- 'nected -with the boxes10 of the four inlet-' valves 37in anykhown and approved manner "andis'cast infone piece wilt a cylindrical 11 (see Fig. 9), in which arotary tubular distributing valve 12 is mounted to turn. Thisdistributin valve 12 is fastened iona vertical shaft 13, winch su*itable stufling' box 14 on t e "casing 11 and is arr'an edto be drivenin any suitable maze ner, for example from the-camshaft 5 for the Atwo-1 passes through a and 1 67'as is shown at'Fig. 9.

outlet valves 2 by means of bevel wheels 15 The two arms of theconnection 9 areeach divided by a partition into two channels, so thatthere are in all four channels I to IV leading to the four cylinders (I)to' (IV) respectively. The

. casing '11 is provided with a cover 17 of any construction, so thatthe rotary tubular distributing. valve 12 is rendered easily accessible.This valve 12 is provided with two square apertures a and b, which areset at an angle of "90 from each other and are so .-disposed, that theone aperture a may periodically register with either of the two lowerchannels II and III and the other aperture 6 may periodically registerwith either of the two upper channels I and IV.

The compressed air or gas is supplied to the casing 11 through asuitable tube 18 and a connection 19. The rotary distributing valve '12is made'open (see Figs. 1 and 9) to permit the compressed air or gas topass up- A wards.

. contains three chambersBO, 31 and 32, of

which the chamber 32 is shown as divided into an upper and a lower:portion that c'om-' municate with one another through two side passages32, 32*, see" Fig. 11. The chamber 30 communicates with the casing 11 ofthe rotary distributing valve 12 through the already mentioned tube 18and is normally closed with-a springressed stop valve 33. An arm 34 is'fastene on the shaft 29 and is adapted to open the stop valve 33 on theoperating lever 25 being turned from its middle position shown in fullhnes in Fi 10 to its rlght extreme osition indicate by dotted lines.When t e operating lever 25 is turned from its middle position into. itsother (vertical) extreme position the aircom ressor 20- will be coupledwith the cran -shaft in the above mentioned manner and thus' be setin-motion. The second chamber 31 in the casing 28 communicates with asuitable reservoir 35 through a tube 36 and is normally closed with astop valve 37, which may be 0 erated in any known manner, for examp efrom a hand-wheel 38. The third chamber 32 communicates with theair-compressor 20 through a tube 39. It

- will-be obvlous, that the operating lever 25 can be operated from thedrivers seat.

As the explosion-engine works in the four stroke cycle, of course thecompressed air or gas can be admitted to each of the four cylinders (I)to (IV) only once for every two revolutions of the crank-shaft 7. Thismeans, that the rotary tubular distributing valve 12 requires to makeone revolution 'on every two revolutions of the crankshaft 7, the sameas the cam shafts 3 and 5 for operating the inlet-valves 1 andoutlet-valves 2 respectively. For this reason the two bevel wheels 15and 16 are made alike. Thus the speed of the rotary tubular distributingvalve 12 is kept moderate.

The crank-shaft 7 vis assumed'to be bent in the manner shown at Fig. 7and the ignitions of the compressed mixtures in the several cylindersare assumed to take place inthe following order: (I), (III), (IV) and(II).

' Now that the compressed air or gas for startmg the explosion-engine isalso invariably admitted to each cylinder during that stroke of itspiston, during which (in the usual work of the engine the ex ansion ofthe exploded gases would take p ace, it follows that the compressed airor gas must be admitted to the several cylinders in the same order, viz.(I), (III) (IV) and (II). Thereby it is also rendered possible toutilize the ordinary outlet-valves 2 for the exhaust of the spent air orgas and no special mechanism for turning the four-stroke cycle into atwo-stage c ole for the starting of the automobile Wil be necessary.

With the rotary tubular distributing valve 7 12 of the constructiondescribed above it is possible to admit the compressed air or gas to theseveral cylinders" in the said order, as will be clear after anexamination of Figs. 3 to 6 and 3 'to 6. For the position of the valve12 shown in Figs. 3 and 3 the compressed air or gas will be admittedthrou h the upper aperture 1) and the channel I to t e first cylinder(I). After the shaft 13 has been turned through an angle of 90 in thedirection of the arrow, the compressed air or gas will be admittedthrough the lower aperture a and the channel III to the third c linder(III), as is shown at Figs. 4 an 4.

After the turn of'the rotary tubular distributing valve 12 throughanother angle of 90 the compressed air or gaswill be. admitted tll10l%hthe upper aperture 6 and the channel I to the ourth cylinder (IV), seeFigs. 5 and. 5*. When the valve 12 has been turned through a furtherangle of 90, the

quired, which means, that the starting device is very simple and safe.

As already'indicated above, on stopping the automobile in general in oneof the four cylinders the piston will stop. in about the middle of itsstroke during the expansion of the ex loded gases inthe same cylindenFrom-t is the manner of operating the start ing device will be obviousand it is as follows: Ihe driver will take care to, keep the reservoir35 filled with compressedair or, gas,-he coupling during the drivetheair compre'ssor 20 with. the crank-shaftTbyturning the operatinglever 25 from itsnorrnalposition into the vertical;positiqmaniopeningthe stop i valve-37 byg'rneans of; the harid wheai 38-. Whenthe.pressure gage.40 shows, that the compressed air'orgas in the reservoir ifihas attained;- the; required pressure, th

t dgiver closes the stop]valyeii7138,1111,diseom open the stop valve 33by means of the arm 34 andto admit the compressed air or gas from thechamber 32 to the casing 11 of the rotary distributing valve' 12 throughthe tube-18. The compressed air orfgas will then pass" through either ofthe two apers" tures a and b of the valve 12 ,and-throughthe res ectiveone of the four channels I to IV an open the spring-pressed inlet-valve8 of that cylinder in which the iston had stopped during the expansionof t e exploded gases' The compressed air-or gas driving thispis tonwill start the engine. The spent air will be discharged through theoutlet-valve 2 "during the following stroke, while the compressed air.or gaswill enter another cylinder and. .drive its piston, whereupon thecompressed air orgas-will'enter a thirdcylinder and. drive its piston,while. the spent air in the second cylinder will be discharged throughthe corresponding outlet-valve 2 Afterwards the compressed air or gaswill en ter'a fourthycylinder'and drive its piston and so on. After thestart the driver may close the stop valve 33 and may operate the fourvstroke cycle explosion-engine inthe-nsual 'manner. 1 V

if so'pre erred. alter the starting device, that is to say the rotarydistributing valve 12. and the four channels I effect.

is a special advantage of the new start;

ing device, that the connection 9 contains.v itself therotary'distributing valve 12, oocu pies littlespac', can be made niceand need e tightened onlyv on four places between 1 two apertures beingto, IV, as to obtain, the desired.

and the four cylinders, .also that it can be fastened direct on thelatter.

The starting device may be varied without departing from the spirit ofmyinvention,

aim: .1. In a four stroke cycle ex losionsengine with foutcylinders, theco nination with four spring-pressed inlet-valves in the fourcylinders,of a ,connection on the four cylinders above said four spring-pressedinletvalvesland-co'm rising a cylindrical bore-in 1 itsmiddle with ouropenings and four; sepa rate." ehannelsvleading from the fourv openingsto. the spring-pressed inlet-valves anda,

rotary. tubular distributing valve mounted to turnin;the-cylindricalboreof said connection,andprovidedwith two apertures andsso drivenaslto.makeone-revolution on every two revolutions of the: crank-shaft, its.two

apeituresbeirig so disposed asto severally;

and each supply compressed airl'or gas through the respectivechannel toeither of two cylinders during :that stroke of its pis- Hton, duringwhich in the normal Work of the engine the expansion of the explodedgases would take place.

2. In a four stroke cycle explosion engine with four juxtaposedcylinders,the combmation with four spring-pressed inlet-valves in thefour cylinders, ofa connection fastened on the four cylinders above saidfour springpressed'inlet-valves and-com rising a cylindrical bore in itsmiddle wit two opposite pairs of superposed openings and four separatechannels eading from the four openings to the four spring-pressedinlet-valves, and a rotary tubular distributing valve mounted to turnin'the cylindricalbore of said con-' nection and provided with twoapertures in two parallel planes at right angles to its axis and sodriven as to make one revolution on everytwo revolutions of thecrank-shaft, its

so disposed as to severally and each supp through the respective channelto either of y compressed air or gas two cylinders during that stroke ofits piston, during which in the normal work of the engine theexpansionof the exploded gases would take place.

3. In a four-stroke cycle explosion-engine with [four cylinders, thecombination with I 1 1 four spring-pressed inlet-valves in the four Itis evident, that the order, which the ignitions. of the compressedmixtures in the several c linders take place, maybe altered,- In thiscase it is easy to so its middle with a connection for the supply latterunder. the pressure of compressed .airor. as, of a connection on thefour cylin of compressed air or gas, also with fourropening's and fourseparate channels leading from i the four openings to the springressedinlet gvalves, a rotary tubular distri utin valve mounted to turn in thecylindrical ore of said connection and provided with two apertureswhichare so disposed as to severally tion with four spring-pressedinlet-valves inengine the expansion of the -exploded gases would takeplace, and means for so 'dnving said rotary tubular distributing valvethat itmakes one revolu'tionon every two revolu- .tions of thecrank-shaft.

4. In a four stroke cycle explosion-engine with four juxtaposedcylinders, the combinathe four cylinders and adapted toseverally openinto the latter under the pressure of.

compressed air or gas, of a connection on the four .cyllnders above saidfour springpressed inlet-valves and com rising a cylindrical bore in itsmiddle wit a connection for the supply of compressed air or gas, also.

2 with two opposite pairs of superposed open inlet-valves, a rotarytubular distributing valve mounted to turn in the cylindi'ica bore ofsaid connection and provided with two apertures in two parallel planesat right angles to its axis, which apertures are so disposed as toseverally and each supplycompressed air or gas through the, respectivechannel to either of two cylinders during that stroke of its iston,during which in the normal Work of tiie engine the expansion of theexploded gases would" take place, and means for so driving said rotarytubular distributing valve that it makes'onerevolution on every tworevolutions-of the crank-shaft.

HIPPOLYT SAURER.

Witnesses:

CARL KAUFMANN, MARY FALCONER.

